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From Passive to Active: How to Master Your Vocabulary

Writer's picture: Thomas OxfordThomas Oxford

Updated: Oct 3, 2023


Hey there, language learners! Are you tired of feeling like you have a ton of English words stuck in your head, but you never seem to be able to use them when you speak or write? Don't worry - you're not alone! This is a common issue for people who are learning a second language. The good news is that there are some simple steps you can take to turn your passive vocabulary into active vocabulary.



Before we dive into those steps, let's talk about the difference between passive and active vocabulary. Passive vocabulary refers to the words you know and recognize, but don't necessarily use in your own speech or writing. Active vocabulary, on the other hand, is the vocabulary that you use regularly when communicating in the language. Ideally, you want to have a large active vocabulary because it will allow you to express yourself more clearly and effectively.


So, how can you turn your passive vocabulary into active vocabulary? Here are some tips:

  1. Practice, practice, practice

The most important thing you can do to improve your active vocabulary is to practice using the words you know. Try to use new words in sentences or in conversations with native English speakers. You could also practice writing short stories or paragraphs using the new vocabulary you've learned. The more you use the words, the more likely they are to become part of your active vocabulary.

  1. Learn phrases, not just individual words

English is full of idiomatic expressions and phrasal verbs, which can be tricky to learn if you're only focusing on individual words. To improve your active vocabulary, try to learn common phrases and expressions that use the words you already know. For example, instead of just learning the word "excited", learn the phrase "I'm excited to see you". This will help you remember the word in context and make it easier to use in your own speech.

  1. Use context clues

If you come across a new word while reading or listening to English, try to use the context to figure out the meaning. This will help you remember the word and make it easier to use in the future. You could also try looking up the word in a dictionary to see how it's used in example sentences.

  1. Review regularly

Make sure you're regularly reviewing the words you've learned. You could make flashcards or a vocabulary notebook to help you keep track of new words. Reviewing regularly will help you remember the words and make it easier to use them in your own speech.

  1. Don't be afraid to make mistakes

Finally, don't be afraid to make mistakes! Learning a new language is a process, and you're going to make mistakes along the way. The important thing is to keep practising and using the words you know. If you're not sure how to use a word correctly, ask a native English speaker or look it up in a dictionary.





So, there you have it - some simple steps you can take to turn your passive vocabulary into active vocabulary. Remember, practice is key! The more you use the words you know, the more likely they are to become part of your active vocabulary. Good luck, and happy learning!


Useful words and phrases


  • Stuck in your head: to be unable to remember or use something that you have learned.

  • Dive into: to start doing something with enthusiasm and energy.

  • Express yourself: to communicate your thoughts or feelings to others.

  • Tricky: difficult to understand or deal with.

  • Flashcards: cards that have information on them, used for studying and memorizing.

  • Keep track of: to pay attention to something and be aware of its progress or development.

  • Along the way: during the process of doing something.

  • Key: the most important or essential factor.

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Tom Oxford has been teaching English as a second language since 2005 and has been specialising in IELTS preparation courses for more than five years.

IELTS Tom is a private, online English language school that has been offering first-class education since 2015

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